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英语考试词汇记忆六种技巧介绍

来源：新东方在线时间：2015/11/11 10:35:49 作者：新东方在线

[摘要]英语对于大多数同学来说都是一个巨大的障碍，而词汇又是英语的基础，所以同学们学好英语的前提自然就是词汇了，今天<a href="http://wanbang.soxsok.com/" target="_blank">新东方英语网络课堂</a>为同学们整理了英语词汇记忆的六种小技巧，希望对同学们能偶有所帮助。 一、结合记忆法        将比较生疏，不常用的单词放入一定的语言环境——句子中，结合句意来记忆单词。遇到此单词时，若词义忘记，则可通过回忆所在句子的意思来记忆单词。例如： slope n. ①倾斜;坡度;斜度 There is always a certain slope in a ship’s deck. 船的甲板总有几分倾斜。 ②斜面;斜坡 We climbed the steep slope of the hill. 我们爬了那座陡峭的斜坡。 vi. 倾斜。 The railroad slopes up slightly at this point. 铁路在此处有轻微的倾斜。 critical adj. ①批评(性)的，吹毛求疵的 I don’t like people who are too critical about everything. 我不喜欢对每件事都太吹毛求疵的人。 ②紧要的，关键的;危急的 His condition is reported as being very critical. 据报告他的情况非常危急。 通过此法来掌握词汇，既有助于记住单词本身的拼写、拼读，又可同时熟悉词的词义、词性、用法和搭配，比孤立地背记单词效果要好。 二、同类记忆法        将同类词汇收集在一起，同时背记。注意，同类词汇与同义词不同：同义词是指意思相同，而同类词是指基本属性相同、具体意义的层次，级别或范围不同的一类词汇。        如headmaster和principal是同义词，都表示，“中学校长”;president和chancellor是同义词，都表示大专院校“校长”。这两组词是同类词汇，都表示“校长”，但具体级别不同，所以两组词不是同义词。        再如bachelor(学士)、master(硕士),doctor (博士)三个词都表示学位授予的情况，但具体级别不同，所以这三个词也是一组同类词汇。 这样，将同类词汇放在一起记忆，当遇到其中一个词时，头脑中出现的就是一组词，效率大大提高了。 三、比较记忆法       把同义词或形似词放在一起，加以区别。记忆的过程是一组组，一对对单词同时记忆。职称英语中有很大一部分都是对同义词或近义词的考察，需要平时进行记忆和积累。 例题1：The researchers have just completed a study of driving situations. A. started B. finished C. changed D. made 答案：B 例题2：Michael is now merely a good friend. A. largely B. possibly C. just D. rarely 答案：C Merely/ only/ just 四、构词法记忆法       通过掌握构词法来记忆单词。英语主要有三种构词法： 1)转化，即由一个词类转化为另一个词类。例如： picture (n)画-picture (v)描绘 water (n)水-water (v)浇水 例题1： He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct. A. behavior B. style C. mode D. attitude 答案：A 解释： Conduct (v.)引导，管理，为人，传导 Conduct (n.)操守，行为 Conductor (n.)列车员，售票员，指挥者，导体等 Semi-conductor 半导体  五、根义记忆法      利用根义代替记忆多义，可以解决“没有生词”却老读不懂的问题。      比如要问immediate(ly)是否已记住，回答当然是肯定的。那么就请看下面三个“没有生词”的片段： a) The woman walks immediately behind the car. b) She is my immediate neighbor. c) the immediate cause 若没有读懂，那么就请看immediate(ly)根义 中间没有间隔(地) 1)(时间)立刻; 2)(空间)紧挨，通接，紧跟， 3)(关系)直接 例题1：He will leave immediately. A. far away B. right away C. right here D. soon 答案：B 例题2：Can you follow the plot? A. change B. investigate C. understand D. write 答案：C 请看下面几句中的follow 分别都是什么意思? She went into the building, followed by a group of students. The teacher says that everybody should follow the rule here. I’m sorry, but I can’t follow you. 六、几组对容易混淆词进行特别记忆         (1)有些字可当形容词又可当副词,例如： early; past; half; long; straight; fast; hard; quick; deep; slow; pretty; awful; wrong; right; high; late; hourly; early; weekly; etc. We had an early breakfast. (形容词) We went by a fast train. (形容词) We had breakfast early. (副词) Don’t speak so fast.(副词)         (2)有些形容词变为副词, 可在字尾加ly, 也可以不加, 不过在字义上不同。 (A) easy “安适地”; easily “容易地”： Stand easy! He’s not easily satisfied. (B) clear ( = completely “完全地”; clearly“显然地”;) The bullet went clear through the door. The thieves got clearly away. (C) high “高”; highly “很;非常”; The birds are flying high. He was highly praised for his work. (D) Slow 和 slowly当副词时同义, 但 slow比 slowly语气强. I told the driver to go slow(er). Drive slowly round these bends in the road. (E) hard “辛苦地”; hardly “几乎不”; He works hard. (= He is a hard worker.) He hardly does anything nowadays. (= He does very little nowadays.) (F) just “刚才;仅”; justly “公正地”; I’ve just seen him. He was justly punished. (G) late “迟”; lately (= recently)“较近地”; He went to bed late. I haven’t seen Mr. Green lately. (H) Pretty (= fairly, moderately)“十分，颇”; prettily (= in a pretty way, attractively)“漂亮地”; The situation seems pretty hopeless. She was prettily dressed. <a href="http://wanbang.soxsok.com/" target="_blank">新东方英语网络课堂http://wanbang.soxsok.com/</a>

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